![]() Members of political parties attempt to frame issues in a way that makes a solution favoring their own political leaning appear as the most appropriate course of action for the situation at hand. For political purposes, framing often presents facts in such a way that implicates a problem that is in need of a solution. In the context of politics or mass-media communication, a frame defines the packaging of an element of rhetoric in such a way as to encourage certain interpretations and to discourage others. This is done through the media’s choice of certain words and images to cover a story (i.e. The effects of framing can be seen in journalism: the "frame" surrounding the issue can change the reader's perception without having to alter the actual facts as the same information is used as a base. In the case of "equivalence frames", the information being presented is based on the same facts, but the "frame" in which it is presented changes, thus creating a reference-dependent perception. The framing may be in the form of equivalence frames, where two or more logically equivalent alternatives are portrayed in different ways (see framing effect) or emphasis frames, which simplify reality by focusing on a subset of relevant aspects of a situation or issue. One can view framing in communication as positive or negative – depending on the audience and what kind of information is being presented. Politically, the language communities of advertising, religion, and mass media are highly contested, whereas framing in less-sharply defended language communities might evolve imperceptibly and organically over cultural time frames, with fewer overt modes of disputation. ![]() ![]() Participation in a language community necessarily influences an individual's perception of the meanings attributed to words or phrases. Successful framing techniques can be used to reduce the ambiguity of intangible topics by contextualizing the information in such a way that recipients can connect to what they already know.įraming involves social construction of a social phenomenon – by mass media sources, political or social movements, political leaders, or other actors and organizations. Framing is an integral part of conveying and processing data on a daily basis. The choices they then make are influenced by their creation of a frame.įraming is also a key component of sociology, the study of social interaction among humans. ![]() They then use these filters to make sense of the world. In other words, people build a series of mental "filters" through biological and cultural influences. In social theory, framing is a schema of interpretation, a collection of anecdotes and stereotypes, that individuals rely on to understand and respond to events. Frames in communication consist of the communication of frames between different actors. Frames in thought consist of the mental representations, interpretations, and simplifications of reality. For the psychological effect, see Framing effect (psychology).įraming can manifest in thought or interpersonal communication. ![]()
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